Distance Learning: Must Focus on the Learning, Not the Technology

“To maintain the UK’s position in distance learning, we have to focus on education, not technology, argues Helen Lentell

Distance learning in higher education is enjoying a propitious moment, despite – perhaps even because of – the hard times facing the sector.

At last week’s Learning and Technology World Forum in London, Prime Minister Gordon Brown said that the UK could become a “global education superpower”, with e-learning as one of its fastest-growing exports.

E-learning could also solve problems at home: as pressure continues to mount on the academy’s resources, flexible distance learning may become an increasingly attractive solution.

First Secretary Lord Mandelson no doubt had this in mind when announcing the creation of an online distance learning task force last year, backed by a £20 million matched-funding scheme to support centres of excellence. The terms of reference for this group focus on exploring ways of using online distance learning to attract more domestic and international students and increase collaboration between universities and colleges.”

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Universities say they already police compliance and infringements effectively. Matthew Reisz writes

Major concerns have been raised about the impact of the Digital Economy Bill on universities, which fear it is likely to result in a “bureaucratic burden and muddle”.

A central aim of the Bill, which is currently before the House of Lords, is to tackle online copyright infringement – something that Toby Bainton, secretary of the Society of College, National and University Libraries, said “everybody supports”.

However, there are fears that universities, which will be held responsible for the activities of their students, could be unduly affected by the proposals.

Mr Bainton said it appeared that “the position of higher education has not been clearly thought through”, adding that the sector “already has good systems in place that ought to be recognised and worked with”.

Horizon Report: Technological gizmos to revolutionise study

“Hannah Fearn reports on predictions of emerging technology that will improve teaching and learning

A strange new world in which students study on their mobile phones and learn in both virtual and “augmented” realities is less than five years away, according to technology experts.

The 2010 Horizon Report, published by the New Media Consortium in the US, predicts how emerging technologies will affect teaching and learning worldwide.

This year’s edition, released last week, says that in the short term mobile technology will have the biggest effect on pedagogy. However, within three years, e-books and “augmented-reality” technology will also play a major role in universities.

The academy, it claims, faces a host of challenges posed by technology. Emerging providers delivering higher education online are eroding the value of the university “gold standard”, it warns.

The role of universities in preparing students for work is also changing as “digital-media literacy continues its rise in importance as a key skill in every profession”.”

Read full story. Horizon Report preview (PDF), or website.

Dynamic Duo

“Two free-to-use Web 2.0 tools offer scholars the opportunity for greater collaboration. James Everest reports

As a growing number of academics seek to manage their research papers online, new Web 2.0 tools are emerging to lend a hand.

Two products that are developing a following are Mendeley and Zotero, both of which are free to use and offer fresh opportunities for collaboration.

Mendeley allows scholars to index and organise their research papers online. They can be uploaded or imported into users’ “libraries” from online repositories such as Google Scholar, PubMed Central or those offered by big publishers.”

Read full story, and see my profile (it needs some work!)

Open-access campaigner told to back off by US blog

A fervent campaigner for open-access journal publishing has been asked to stop posting comments on a new open-access blog by both supporters and opponents of his cause.

Stevan Harnad, professor of cognitive science at the University of Southampton, has said it is his personal mission to “ram open access down everybody’s throats”.

But his postings on a blog launched by the US Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) to discuss ways to improve public access to federally funded research have caused controversy.

The pro-open access Scholarly Publishing and Academic Resources Coalition (SPARC) has written to Professor Harnad to ask him to stop posting critiques that inhibit new open-access advocates from participating in the forum.

“Some of our community members are hesitating to participate, as they are concerned that the dynamic has become ‘post a comment and have it critiqued by Stevan’,” writes Heather Joseph, SPARC’s executive director.

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The Case for Books

“Electronification won’t kill off books entirely, discovers Andreas Hess

While we are still reading books and articles, we are for ever tempted by the computer screen. Rarely do we openly reflect on the dilemma that our common reading habits seem to feed; namely that the more time we stare into the screen and the more others do the same, the harder it will be to write, produce and enjoy books the traditional way.

Resignation to what seems technologically unavoidable has become widespread; while we appear to be somewhat unhappy about the development, we are not outraged. As Philip Roth has noted in a blue moment, despite all the scaremongering, books will not die out – yet only a dedicated few will continue to read them.”

Read full story. And, for the record, I love books, and digifile that I am, am wondering if/when I might convert to reading books digitally!

Fair deal online? It’s coming

A government strategy promises more access to digital material and more freedom to use it. Zoe Corbyn reports

The proliferation of online resources and the digitisation of source material have revolutionised many aspects of academics’ working lives.

But researchers who work with online content have been frustrated by the UK’s copyright laws, which have not kept up with the changing online environment.

The Government now has a new high-level strategy to update the legal framework and simplify the rules to allow researchers greater access to material and more freedom to use it.

The proposals are in a report, The Way Ahead: A Strategy for Copyright in the Digital Age, released late last month. They are made in acknowledgement of what the report says is “a mismatch between the expectations of users and what copyright currently allows”.

The elements of the strategy that are of most relevance to academics relate to orphan works – material that is in copyright but for which the rights holder cannot be identified or found – and the way in which contract law and copyright law co-exist online.

The strategy was formulated by the Intellectual Property Office, which is part of the Department for Business, Innovation and Skills. Matt Cope, its head of digital technology, said he recognised that differences between copyright law and contract law were a problem online.

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Learning to Share

“Free, immediate and permanently available research results for all – that’s what the open-access campaigners want. Unsurprisingly, the subscription publishers disagree. Zoë Corbyn weighs up the ramifications for journals, while Matthew Reisz asks how books will fare

Stephen Hicks, a reader in health and social care at the University of Salford, has just uploaded nine of his journal articles to his university’s online open-access repository of institutional papers, and has another ten in the pipeline. Doing so had not crossed his mind before, and it won’t be compulsory until January 2010 (last month, Salford mandated so-called “self-archiving”, becoming the 100th organisation worldwide to do so). But he was turned on to the idea after hearing Martin Hall, Salford’s vice-chancellor and an open-access advocate, speak.”

Read full story. See also ‘Giving it Away: A Textbook Argument’

Life itself, the universe and everything that’s relevant

“Warwick considers including general education modules in curriculum. Hannah Fearn reports

A major overhaul of the curriculum is being considered at the University of Warwick, with a senior academic proposing a “general education” for students designed to prepare them for “life itself”.”

“Digital-based media now need to be channelled into the mainstream of academic knowledge production and distribution,” the paper says.

Professor Fuller added: “It’s becoming the most important way in which knowledge is transmitted and produced in society today.”

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The Hype Cycle for E-Learning

E-Learning, the Hype CycleVirtual worlds are about to plunge into a “trough of disillusionment”, lecture podcasts are fast becoming obsolete, but cloud computing will soon be on the “slope of enlightenment”.

These are the findings of an analysis of the “hype cycle” of technology in education, published by Gartner, an IT advisory firm.

The annual study looks at the popularity of emerging technologies, from internet TV and e-books to microblogging sites such as Twitter, across a range of sectors. It tracks their progression as a function of expectations.

The cycle ranges from over-enthusiasm as technology is hyped, through a period of disillusionment when it fails to deliver, via a slope of enlightenment to a “plateau of productivity”, as users learn how best to employ it.”

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My attention was drawn back to the above article through the article “What not to wear in virtual circles” in the Times Higher Education this week.

Get it out in the open

“From downloads of lectures to entire courses for free, Rebecca Attwood reports on how universities are fitting open educational resources into their missions and marketing

Perhaps you visited Brighton at the weekend and were intrigued by the Royal Pavilion’s ostentatious architecture; now you’d like to learn more about its history. Maybe you are a student who didn’t quite get that complex topic covered in a lecture on Tuesday. You may be a scientist who fancies swotting up on philosophy for a change. Or perhaps you are developing a new undergraduate course and are wondering how a professor at another institution approaches the same topic.

In each case, thanks to universities, the answer is out there on the internet for free. Visitors to The Open University’s OpenLearn website can pick up a 16-hour module examining the Royal Pavilion’s relationship with 19th-century Romanticism and exoticism. The course includes text, film footage, images of 18th-century engravings and learning exercises. The uncertain student, meanwhile, can replay Tuesday’s lecture on his or her university’s iTunes U site. There, too, the scientist can kick off with an hour-long romp through the history of philosophy from the pre-Socratics to the present day with Marianne Talbot, departmental lecturer in philosophy at the University of Oxford. And the professor can download an entire course from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) – including lectures, handouts, reading lists and assessment materials – to see how things are done there.”

Read the full story. Read Ann Mroz‘s leader.